Which nervous system branches extend from the spine?

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is responsible for extending from the spinal cord to various parts of the body. It includes all the nerves that branch out from the central nervous system (CNS), which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The PNS connects the CNS to limbs and organs, allowing for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. This system is crucial for transmitting sensory information to the brain and sending motor commands back to the muscles.

The central nervous system, while it is a critical component of the overall nervous system, is confined to the brain and spinal cord and does not extend from the spine in the same way that nerves in the peripheral nervous system do. The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision of the PNS, specifically controlling involuntary functions and organs, but it does not represent the entirety of the branches extending from the spine. Therefore, the most accurate answer regarding which system branches extend directly from the spinal cord is the PNS.