Which lymph tissue and lymph nodes protect the body from infection?

The adenoids and tonsils play a crucial role in the immune system by acting as the body's first line of defense against pathogens that enter through the mouth and nose. These structures are composed of lymphoid tissue and are strategically located to intercept invading microbes, such as bacteria and viruses. When these pathogens are detected, the adenoids and tonsils help to initiate an immune response by producing antibodies and activating other immune cells, which aids in protecting the body from infections.

In contrast, the other options do not specifically function as lymphatic structures involved in immune protection. Alveoli and sinuses are involved in gas exchange and air filtration but do not directly contribute to the immune response. The bronchi and trachea serve as passageways for air but do not have the same lymphatic tissue functions as adenoids and tonsils. Lastly, while the heart and blood vessels are critical for circulation and transport of immune cells, they are not part of the lymphatic system specifically designed to protect against infections like the lymphoid tissues do.