What type of connective tissue surrounds and protects the kidneys?

The type of connective tissue that surrounds and protects the kidneys is adipose tissue. Adipose tissue, commonly known as fat, plays a critical role in providing cushioning and insulation to organs, including the kidneys. It helps to anchor the kidneys in place within the abdominal cavity while also serving as a protective buffer against physical trauma.

This cushioning effect is vital, as the kidneys are involved in filtering blood and producing urine, functions that require their protection from damage. The fatty tissue serves not just as a protective layer but also helps to maintain the temperature of the organs, ensuring they operate efficiently.

Understanding the function of adipose tissue helps clarify why it is the correct choice in this context, as the other types of connective tissue listed do not serve the same protective and supportive roles pertaining specifically to the kidneys.