What are the two main systems that make up the nervous system?

The two main systems that make up the nervous system are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, which serve as the central processing unit, interpreting sensory information and coordinating responses. The PNS comprises all the nerves that exist outside the CNS, connecting it to the rest of the body, including the limbs and organs. This system is responsible for transmitting signals between the CNS and peripheral parts of the body.

Understanding the relationship and functions of these two systems is crucial for comprehending how the entire nervous system operates. The CNS is responsible for higher-level functions, such as thought processes and reflexes, while the PNS plays a vital role in relaying information to and from the body, including somatic and autonomic reflexes. This distinction is fundamental in nursing and healthcare as it informs assessment and intervention strategies for various neurological conditions.